TOVS水汽及演的误差分析及其订正          下载免费PDF全文

王超  张凤英 《应用气象学报》1996,(3)

该文利用同步物理反演法以６小时数值预报场为背景场对１９９２年１月份ＮＯＡＡ－１２卫星垂直探测（ＴＯＶＳ）资料进行了大气参数反演，并对水汽反演误差进行了检验和分析．以常规观测作为检验的标准，检验结果按３条轨道统计，发现反演的相对湿度平均误差与背景场的误差密切相关，均为负值；在高层和高纬度，误差绝对值随高度的增加而增加，随纬度的升高而增加；误差的日际变化在高层比较稳定，低层振动较大．对反演误差进行订正后的结果表明，在５００ｈＰａ以上反演均比背景质量要好，尤其轨道Ａ所有层次上订正后的反演比背景场好．  相似文献   

1966—2015年天山南北坡空气湿度差异及其影响因素     

陈迪桃  黄法融  李倩  李兰海 《气候变化研究进展》2018,14(6):562-572

利用天山地区近50年(1966—2015年)逐日气象资料,采用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法研究了天山南北坡相对湿度(RH)的时空变化特征,分析了天山南北坡RH对平均气温、降水量、平均风速、参考蒸散量、日照时数的敏感性,并探讨了引起RH变化的主导因素。结果表明：(1)整个天山地区RH变化有略微上升的趋势但不显著,北坡RH总体呈下降趋势,南坡RH总体呈上升趋势。(2) RH空间分布呈自北向南递减趋势,南北坡全年及春季以下降趋势为主,而夏、秋、冬三季均以上升趋势为主,且南坡变化趋势的显著性高于北坡。(3) RH对风速、气温、日照时数及参考蒸散量均为负敏感,对降水量为正敏感。北坡RH对各气象因子的敏感程度依次为日照时数>参考蒸散量>风速>气温>降水量,南坡敏感程度依次为日照时数>风速>参考蒸散量>气温>降水量。空间分布上,仅降水量敏感系数高值区位于北坡伊犁河谷,其余要素敏感系数高值区均位于南坡。(4)参考蒸散量是影响天山地区RH变化的主导因子,整个天山地区参考蒸散发贡献率较高,日照时数贡献率高值区集中于北坡伊犁河谷,风速、降水量、气温贡献率高值区均集中于南坡克孜勒苏地区。  相似文献   

Effects of in-situ conditions on relative permeability characteristics of CO2-brine systems   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Stefan Bachu  Brant Bennion 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(8):1707-1722

Carbon dioxide capture and geological storage (CCGS) is an emerging technology that is increasingly being considered for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. Deep saline aquifers provide a very large capacity for CO₂ storage and, unlike hydrocarbon reservoirs and coal beds, are immediately accessible and are found in all sedimentary basins. Proper understanding of the displacement character of CO₂-brine systems at in-situ conditions is essential in ascertaining CO₂ injectivity, migration and trapping in the pore space as a residual gas or supercritical fluid, and in assessing the suitability and safety of prospective CO₂ storage sites. Because of lack of published data, the authors conducted a program of measuring the relative permeability and other displacement characteristics of CO₂-brine systems for sandstone, carbonate and shale formations in central Alberta in western Canada. The tested formations are representative of the in-situ characteristics of deep saline aquifers in compacted on-shore North American sedimentary basins. The results show that the capillary pressure, interfacial tension, relative permeability and other displacements characteristics of CO₂-brine systems depend on the in-situ conditions of pressure, temperature and water salinity, and on the pore size distribution of the sedimentary rock. This paper presents a synthesis and interpretation of the results.  相似文献   

Evaluation and use of Resourcesat-I data for agricultural applications     

M.P. Oza  M.R. Pandya  D.R. Rajak 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2008,10(2):194-1

Resourcesat-1 satellite offers a unique opportunity of simultaneous observations at three different spatial scales through LISS-IV, LISS-III^* (improved LISS-III) and AWiFS sensors from a common platform. The sensors have enhanced capabilities in terms of spectral, spatial and radiometric resolution as compared to earlier Indian Remote sensing Satellite sensors. This paper summarizes the results of various studies such as evaluation of sensor characteristics, inter-sensor comparison studies, derivation and validation of surface reflectance measurements, quantification of improvements due to Resourcesat-1 sensors, and their use for various agricultural applications. The studies presented in this paper demonstrate that suit of sensors onboard Resourcesat-1 satellite provides better prospects for several agricultural applications like crop identification, discrimination and crop inventory for some major Indian crops, than its predecessors on IRS satellites.  相似文献   

地球偶极磁场成因新探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田清孝  李世峰 《地球科学进展》1997,12(1):62-65

以地球内部结构为立论基础和现代物理学中的引力理论和粒子理论为理论根据,阐明了地球外壳与内核运动的差异性,进而提出了以摩擦起电为主的差速发电机制和地磁场的形成机理,总结出了地球内核旋转轴上任一点的强度计算公式和地磁极性的判别方法,并解释了地磁学中的磁轴问题、磁极漂移和地磁场的极
性转换。  相似文献   

VELOCITY FIELD AND RESISTANCE OF FLOW OVER ROUGH SURFACES WITH LARGE AND SMALL RELATIVE SUBMERGENCE   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Andreas DITTRICH Institut fuer Wasserbau und Kulturtechnik  Universitet Karlsruhe  Kaiserstr.  Karlsruhe  Germany Katinka KOLL Institut fuer Wasserbau und Kulturtechnik  Universitet Karlsruhe  Kaiserstr.  Karlsruhe  Germany 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)

LINTRODUCTIONPreciseknowledgeofthevelocityfieldandthecorrespondingresistanceofflowoverrollghsurfacesareofgreatimportanceformanypracticalproblemssuchastheestimationofthestabilitVofbedmaterialinerosiveriversortheremovalofaccumulatedfinesedimentfromthechannelandthelooseningofgravelbedmaterialbycontrolledreleaseofreservoirwater.Thelatterprocedure,calledflushingflows,isfrequentlyspecifiedtorestoreortomaintainaquatichabitat(WILCOCKetal.,1996).Dependingonwaterdepthhandroughnessheightk.(=equiv…  相似文献   

溶液结构的X射线衍射──3.粉末衍射仪液体样品池窗口强度校正的相对透明因子          下载免费PDF全文

房春晖 《盐湖研究》1997,(Z1)

从衍射几何学出发，推导出0－2θ型X射线衍射仪液体样品池窗口强度校正的相对透明因子，解释了由于超厚液体样品池上的窗口的吸收，反射法引起的低角强度损失和透射法引起的高角强度损失，获得了令人满意的的校正结果。  相似文献   

冬季香梨树彩条布覆盖棚的温湿度效应分析     

李燕枝  李新建 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2016,10(2):89-94

摘 要：为了探讨冬季香梨园覆盖棚内外的温、湿度变化规律,于2014～2015年库尔勒市上户镇哈拉苏村香梨园进行小气候观测试验,对2015年1月彩条布覆盖棚内部、外部气温、相对湿度的变化规律进行分析。结果表明:彩条布覆盖棚棚内气温高于棚外,一天中 最低气温出现在夜间（21:00～09:00）,棚内外气温变化主要受太阳辐射影响;棚内外低于-15℃的天数均大于15d,低于-20℃的平均时长为5h,最大持续时长为7h;棚内日较差高于棚外,棚内外气温日较差变化趋势一致,棚内外0.4m高度的降温幅度分别为0.3002℃/d（P=0.001）、0.2324℃/d（P=0.006）,棚内外3m高度的降温幅度分别为0.2786℃/d（P=0.006）、0.2347℃/d（P=0.000）;棚内日平均相对湿度高于棚外,在两个高度下,棚内外日平均相对湿度变化趋势相似, 棚内外0.4m高度增湿幅度分别为0.2688%/d（P=0.000）、0.2391%/d（P=0.007）,棚内外3m高度增湿幅度分别为0.0767%/d（P=0.075）、0.2586%/d（P=0.006）。  相似文献   

Hydroelastic responses and drift forces of a very-long floating structure equipped with a pin-connected oscillating-water-column breakwater system     

D.C. Hong  S.Y. Hong 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(5-6):696-708

The hydroelastic responses of a very-long floating structure (VLFS) in waves connected to a floating oscillating-water-column (OWC) breakwater system by a pin are analyzed by making use of the modal expansion method in two dimensions. The Bernoulli–Euler beam equation for the VLFS is coupled with the equations of motions of the breakwater taking account of the geometric and dynamic boundary conditions at the pin. The Legendre polynomials are employed as admissible functions representing the assumed modes of the VLFS with pinned-free-boundary conditions. It has been shown numerically that the deflections, bending moments and shear forces of the VLFS in waves can be reduced significantly by a pin-connected OWC breakwater. The time-mean horizontal drift forces of the VLFS equipped with the breakwater calculated by the near-field method are also presented.  相似文献   

硝酸钠浓度对三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)MACC/B226生长及脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

梁英  麦康森  孙世春  于道德 《海洋科学》2002,26(5):48-51

在温度为22±1℃ ,盐度为28,硝酸钠浓度分别为75,375,750,1125,1500,1875mg/L的条件下 ,用F/2培养基对青岛海洋大学微藻种质库保存的三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylumtricor-nutum)MACC/B226进行培养 ,测定了生长及脂肪酸组成。实验结果表明 ,在硝酸钠浓度为1125mg/L时 ,三角褐指藻相对生长率最高。在75～375mg/L之间二十碳五稀酸 (EPA)含量随着硝酸钠浓度的增加而增加 ,在375～1875mg/L之间EPA含量变化不大 ,在1875mg/L时达到最高值 (占总脂肪酸的12.6% )。  相似文献